Hi trymakingsense
Good to see you here wanting to improve your relationship. It seems you have a good grasp on your wife's triggers and underlying issues. These do seem to be common themes we come across, and many of us have similar back stories.
Sometimes we get so wrapped up in what is going on with our loved ones we overlook our role in the dynamics. However we cannot control our loved ones, but we can control our own behaviors and reactions. Unfortunately we are often at a loss as what to do as everything seems to be to no avail.
You are correct in thinking that self protection is highly important, after all you can't support anyone else if you are shaky yourself. A great place to start to understand the principles involved and provide some structure can be found here:
Understanding your role in the relationshipThis will introduce you to some helpful lessons. please take a look and let us know if there are any aspects which ring any bells and you would like to explore further
Waverider