Although you wish to help your BF, consider another angle. Also this is one opinion, so consider this in context of what you wish to do, as it's your relationship.
https://www.bpdfamily.com/content/karpman-drama-triangleRead about the Karpman triangle. One person can take on all three roles in relationships.
Your BF is taking Rescuer role and Sophie is in Victim role. This bond is facilitated when the two are aligned against a common Persecutor.
To Sophie- you are the Persecutor who keeps her from doing things with your BF, such as going to the movies. If he's with you, he can't go with her.
To your BF, you are the Persecutor when you bring up his friendship with Sophie and "keep him from it".
Consider that when you debrief with him, protest the friendship, you may actually be enabling this dynamic.
We can't control someone else's feelings, whatever they are. If your BF is still in some kind of emotional connection with Sophie, whatever it is- trauma bond or not- these are his feelings and he's the one responsible for working them out.
When you confronted him, he took Victim position and reached out to Sophie for consolation (Rescuer).
You also have your own feelings to consider and what to do about them.
It can take time to recover from a previous relationship. Seems your BF still has some recovery to do. Right now, this works for him as he doesn't have to choose between the two of you. He can have both.
You don't want to make him choose because you feel he's in a trauma bond and needs your help. Also, you care about him. But what if this helping on your part is actually enabling the situation?
One idea is to back off from discussing Sophie with him and remove yourself from the position of Persecutor. I think you probably fear that if you aren't vigilant about it, he will just have more contact with her. But I think you really want him to come to his own decision to choose you. This is his choice to make though, so maybe stepping away from the conflict (this isn't saying step away from him if you don't want to) will allow him to choose. It's scary to do this but it may be the path to resolution, one way or the other.