Hi TheViewFromHere,
Your description of this dynamic is very relatable: "he can behave with the utmost compassion if I am dependent, but I seem to be some kind of threat when I am regaining my autonomy." On the other hand, even at moments where one might hope for the "utmost compassion" a partner not well attuned to other's emotions can also not provide any compassion at all. It can be tough in so many ways!
One tool I would highly recommend is to not JADE(justify, argue, defend, explain):
https://bpdfamily.com/message_board/index.php?topic=139972.0Also, it is very important in these difficult relationships not to lose your sense of self, or start to believe the insults you may be hearing. I know it is hard, but I'd suggest keeping this a goal - hold onto yourself.
take care, pearlsw.