Hi PullToEject,
to beginn with your last sentences: No, its not a good thing for yourself to stay under a rage or name calling! Its not healthy for yourself and it enforces also her bad behavior. I think you are onto something really important here. So validation first for you feeling worn out.
So what you can do is take a time out. Telling her that you don't want stay under name calling and raging. Its important to say this calm and don't argue or defend about it! Sometimes it can help to offer another try to speak after at least half a day.
What is very important in my opinion that you are clear within yourself: Being compassionate does not mean you are the doormat for any bad or abusive behavior. Compassion or empathy needs boundaries. For many of us this is not easy. I was there, I had no idea about boundaries in a romantic relationship. I grew up with the idea to be there for a loved one in either case! When I heard first about boundaries it felt so selfish.
Here are some resources for further reading if you are interested:
How to take a time outBoundaries Tools of Respect